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ASME MFC 21.2 2010 R2018

$98.04

ASME MFC-21.2 – 2010: Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Thermal Dispersion Mass Flowmeters – Reaffirmed 2018

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASME 2010 40
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This Standard establishes common terminology and gives guidelines for the quality, description, principle of operation, selection, installation, and flow calibration of thermal dispersion flow meters for the measurement of the mass flow rate, and to a lesser extent, the volumetric flow rate, of the flow of a fluid in a closed conduit. Multivariable versions additionally measure fluid temperature. Thermal dispersion mass flow meters are applicable to the flow of single-phase pure gases and gas mixtures of known composition and, less commonly, to single-phase liquids of known composition. This national Standard offers the most complete description heretofore of the principle of operation and other aspects of thermal dispersion mass flow meters. The text shows why these flow meters directly measure the mass flow rate of gases—the quantity of interest in almost all applications, including combustion, chemical reactions, batching, and custody transfer. Chapters in this new Standard describe typical mistakes made in installing thermal dispersion mass flow meters in the process line. Also described is the need for built-in flow conditioners for in-line flow meters with upstream flow disturbances. Safety considerations during installation and maintenance are given priority throughout. All thermal dispersion mass flow meters are flow calibrated by either the manufacturer or an independent laboratory. Inaccurate flow calibration can result in erroneous mass flow readings in the field. A mandatory appendix in the Standard provides, for the first time, a detailed description of the procedures and facilities required for accurate flow calibration. Intended for engineers and other users of flow meters for gas flow measurement in such industries as energy, food, semiconductors, waste water, and the environment.

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PDF Pages PDF Title
5 CONTENTS
Figures
Tables
6 FOREWORD
7 ASME MFC COMMITTEE Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits
8 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE MFC COMMITTEE
9 1 SCOPE
2 TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS
2.1 Definitions Copied From ASME MFC-1M
2.2 Definitions Specific to This Document
10 2.3-1 Symbols
12 2.4-1 Abbreviations
13 2.3 Symbols Used in This Standard
2.4 Abbreviations Used in This Standard
3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
3.1 Configurations
3.1.1 In-Line Flowmeter Configuration.
3.1.2 Insertion Flowmeter Configuration.
3.2 Flow Sensor
14 3.1-1 The Major Components of Two Configurations of Thermal Dispersion Mass Flowmeters
15 3.3 Transmitter
3.4 Temperature Compensation
3.2-1 Flow Sensor of Thermal Dispersion Mass Flowmeters
16 3.5 Modes of Operation
3.5.1 Constant Temperature Differential Mode.
3.5.2 Constant Current Mode.
4 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
4.1 Fluids
4.1.1 Gases.
4.1.2 Liquids.
4.2 Measurement of Mass Flow Rate
4.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
4.3.1 First Law.
18 4.3.2 Skin Resistance.
4.3.3 Stem Conduction.
4.4 Law of Conservation of Mass
4.5 Correlations for Convective Heat Transfer
4.5.1 General Empirical Correlation.
19 4.5.2 Example Correlations.
4.6 Solution for Reynolds Number, Re
4.6.1 General Solution.
4.6.2 Example Solution.
4.7 Solutions for Output Variables
4.7.1 Purpose.
4.7.2 Other Approaches.
4.7.3 Definitions of Terms Used in Solutions for Output Variables
20 4.7.4 Mass Flow Rate in a Flow Conduit, qm kg/s
4.7.5 Volumetric Flow Rate in a Flow Conduit, qv m3/s
4.7.6 Volumetric Flow Rate in Flow Conduit Referenced to Base Conditions, qv,b bm3/s
4.7.7 Point Velocity, V m/s
4.7.8 Point Velocity Referenced to Base Conditions, Vb bm/s
4.7.9 Mass Flow Rate in a Flow Conduit Measured Via a Multipoint Insertion Flowmeter, qm kg/s.
4.7.10 Gas Mass Density, rho kg/m3.
5 GUIDELINES FOR FLOWMETER SELECTION
5.1 Mass Flow Rate Range
21 5.1.1 Minimum Mass Flow.
5.1.2 Maximum Mass Flow Rate.
5.1.3 Rangeability.
5.2 Pressure Range
5.3 Temperature Range
5.4 Permanent Pressure Loss
5.5 Gas Composition
5.6 Performance
5.6.1 Mass Flow Rate Measurement Accuracy and Repeatability.
22 5.6.2 Multivariable Measurement Accuracy.
5.6.3 Time Response.
5.6.4 Reproducibility.
6 GUIDELINES FOR INSTALLATION AND APPLICATIONS
6.1 Installation
6.1.1 General Installation Criteria
23 6.1.2 Spatial and Orientation Requirements
6.1.3 Process Fluid Quality.
6.1.4 Flow Conditions and Straight Pipe Length Requirements.
6.1.5 Remote Electronics Installation.
24 6.1.4-1 Straight Pipe Length Requirements for an In-Line Flowmeter With a Built-In Flow Conditioner
6.1.4-2 Straight Pipe Length Requirements for Insertion Flowmeters With No Flow Conditioning
25 6.1.6 Influence Parameters.
6.1.6.1 Process Temperature.
6.1.6.2 Process Pressure.
6.1.6.3 Ambient Temperature.
6.2 Applications
6.2.1 Gas Flow Applications.
6.2.2 Liquid Flow Applications.
6.3 Zero and Span Adjustment
26 7 INSPECTION AND COMPLIANCE
8 SAFETY
8.1 ManufacturersŒ Specifications
8.2 Process Pressure and Temperature
8.2.1 Design and Construction.
8.2.2 Pressure Testing.
8.3 Hazardous Area Locations
8.4 Electrical Safety
8.5 Leaks
8.6 Fluid Quality
8.6.1 Erosion.
8.6.2 Corrosion.
27 8.6.3 Unsafe Flow Calibration Gases.
8.7 Hot Tapping
9 REFERENCES
9.1 General References
9.2 References Cited In Text
29 MANDATORY APPENDIX I FLOW CALIBRATION
I-1 INTRODUCTION
I-2 FLOW CALIBRATION CURVES
I-3 FLOW CALIBRATION METHODS
I-3.1 Flow Calibration Facilities
I-3.2 Flow-Conditioning Section
MANDATORY APPENDIX
I FLOW CALIBRATION
30 I-3.3 Flow Calibration Standard
31 I-3.3.1 In-Line Flow Calibration Standards.
I-3.3.2 Batching Flow Calibration Standards.
I-4 FLOW CALIBRATION PROCEDURES
32 I-5 CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE
I-6 FREQUENCY OF RECALIBRATION
I-7 LIQUID FLOW CALIBRATION
33 NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
A IN-LINE FLOWMETER SIZING AND PERMANENT PRESSURE LOSS
A-1 IN-LINE FLOWMETER SIZING
A-2 PERMANENT PRESSURE LOSS
35 B ACCURACY AND UNCERTAINTY
B-1 INTRODUCTION
B-2 EXAMPLE ACCURACY CALCULATION
B-3 DISCUSSION OF UNCERTAINTY
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ASME MFC 21.2 2010 R2018
$98.04