ASTM-B322 2009

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B322-99(2009) Standard Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2009	9

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Categories: 25.220.40 - Metallic coatings, ASTM

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Description

ASTM B322-99-Reapproved2009

Historical Standard: Standard Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating

ASTM B322

Scope

1.1 This guide describes the procedure for cleaning metal surfaces to obtain good adhesion of electrodeposited metals. The degree of cleanliness required for metals to be electroplated is greater than for most other finishes. Methods of removal of heat-treat or mill scale are not included in these methods, because they are covered in practices referring to specific metals. It should also be understood that while these procedures are broadly applicable, particular substrates may require certain specific cleaning procedures.

1.2 Adequate cleaning requires a proper combination of cleaning procedures. The choice of these procedures must be based on a knowledge of the metals to be cleaned and of the soils to be removed. Because most experience and knowledge in cleaning have been obtained by suppliers of proprietary processes and formulations, these sources should be consulted before setting up a cleaning process.

1.3 A treatment to remove tarnish, light rust, fingerprints, or oxides is usually provided before immersion of the piece in the electroplating tank. This treatment activates the metal and is usually accomplished in acid baths which also serve to neutralize the residual alkaline film from alkaline cleaning. Alkaline chelated derusting and cleaning solutions, alone or with sodium cyanide, used as a soak or electrocleaner, are often preferred before electroplating on ferrous alloys.

1.4 Invariably several stages are necessary to provide adequate cleaning. These stages are discussed in three parts:

Part I—Precleaning (use of a solvent, emulsion, or alkaline spray) to remove the bulk of the soil.

Part II—Intermediate (alkaline) cleaning.

Part III—Final electrocleaning, to remove trace solids and especially adherent impurities.

Part IV—Trouble shooting.

Often, depending largely on the amount and type of soil on the workpieces as received, one or more of these stages may be eliminated or modified. Usually, even with light soils, it is advisable to retain multistage cleaning, thereby increasing the life and efficiency of the cleaning solutions.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For more specific safety precautionary statements see Sections 11 and 16.)

Keywords

Biological cleaners; Descaling; Electroplated coatings; Metal cleaners; Metallic coatings; Specimen preparation (general)–electroplating; Surface descaling/cleaning

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 25.220.40 (Metallic coatings)

DOI: 10.1520/B0322-99R09

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	Scope Significance and Use Nature of the Soil
2	Metal Cleaner Rinses Equipment Criteria of Cleanliness
3	Purpose Types
4	Precautions Purpose Types Factors Influencing Good Alkaline Cleaning
5	Formulations of Alkaline Cleaners (8)
6	Precautions ( ) Purpose
7	Types of Electrocleaning General Detecting Trouble in Specific Cleaning Operations
8	Failures Attributable to Cleaning
9	REFERENCES

Additional information

Standard Title	B322-99(2009) Standard Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
Published Code	ASTM
Publication Date	2009
Pages Count	9
ICS Codes	25.220.40 - Metallic coatings