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ASTM-D6281:2004 Edition

ASTM-D6281:2004 Edition

$58.50

D6281-04 Standard Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentration in Ambient and Indoor Atmospheres as Determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy Direct Transfer (TEM)

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASTM 2004 32
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1.1 This test method is an analytical procedure using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the determination of the concentration of asbestos structures in ambient atmospheres and includes measurement of the dimension of structures and of the asbestos fibers found in the structures from which aspect ratios are calculated.

1.1.1 This test method allows determination of the type(s) of asbestos fibers present.

1.1.2 This test method cannot always discriminate between individual fibers of the asbestos and non-asbestos analogues of the same amphibole mineral.

1.2 This test method is suitable for determination of asbestos in both ambient (outdoor) and building atmospheres.

1.2.1 This test method is defined for polycarbonate capillary-pore filters or cellulose ester (either mixed esters of cellulose or cellulose nitrate) filters through which a known volume of air has been drawn and for blank filters.

1.3 The upper range of concentrations that can be determined by this test method is 7000 s/mm 2 . The air concentration represented by this value is a function of the volume of air sampled.

1.3.1 There is no lower limit to the dimensions of asbestos fibers that can be detected. In practice, microscopists vary in their ability to detect very small asbestos fibers. Therefore, a minimum length of 0.5 m has been defined as the shortest fiber to be incorporated in the reported results.

1.4 The direct analytical method cannot be used if the general particulate matter loading of the sample collection filter as analyzed exceeds approximately 10 % coverage of the collection filter by particulate matter.

This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 Scope
Referenced Documents
Terminology
3 Summary of Test Method
4 Significance and Use
Apparatus
5 FIG. 1
FIG. 2
6 Reagents and Materials
Specimen Preparation Laboratory
FIG. 3
7 Sampling
Analysis
TABLE 1
11 FIG. 4
12 Quality Assurance
FIG. 5
13 FIG. 6
14 Report
Precision and Bias
Keywords
15 FIG. 7
16 A1. DETERMINATION OF OPERATING CONDITIONS FOR THE PLASMA ASHER
A1.1 Introduction
A1.2 Procedure
A2. CALIBRATION PROCEDURES
A2.1 Calibration of the TEM
A2.2 Calibration of the EDXA System
17 A3. STRUCTURE COUNTING CRITERIA
A3.1 Introduction
18 A3.2 Structure Definitions and Treatment
FIG. A3.1
19 A3.3 Other Structure Counting Criteria
FIG. A3.2
20 A3.4 Procedure
FIG. A3.3
FIG. A3.4
FIG. A3.5
21 A3.5 Special Considerations for Counting of PCM Equivalent Structures
22 A4. FIBER IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE
A4.1 Introduction
A4.2 ED and EDXA Techniques
23 A4.3 Interpretation of Fiber Analysis Data
FIG. A4.1
24 A4.4 Fiber Classification Categories
TABLE A4.1
TABLE A4.2
25 FIG. A4.2
26 FIG. A4.3
27 FIG. A4.4
28 A5. DETERMINATION OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF ASBESTOS FIBERS AND BUNDLES LONGER THAN 5 Āµm, AND PCM EQUIVALENT ASBESTOS FIBERS
A5.1
A5.2
A5.3
A5.4
A5.5
A6. CALCULATION OF RESULTS
A6.1 Introduction
A6.2 Test for Poisson Distribution of Primary Fibrous Structures on TEM Grids.
29 A6.3 Calculation of the Analytical Sensitivity
A6.4 Calculation of the Mean and Confidence Interval of the Structure Concentration
TABLE A6.1
30 X1. CALCULATION OF STRUCTURE LENGTH, WIDTH, AND ASPECT RATIO DISTRIBUTIONS
X1.1 Introduction
X1.2 Calculation of Structure Length Cumulative Number Distribution
X1.3 Calculation of Structure Width Cumulative Number Distribution
X1.4 Calculation of Structure Aspect Ratio Cumulative Number Distribution
31 X2. METHODS FOR REMOVAL OF GYPSUM FIBERS
X2.1
X2.2
REFERENCES

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