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BS EN 16637-3:2023

BS EN 16637-3:2023

$215.11

Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances – Horizontal up-flow percolation test

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2023 74
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(1) This document specifies an up-flow percolation test (PT) which is applicable to determine the leaching behaviour of inorganic and non-volatile organic substances from granular construction products. The test is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions. The construction products are subjected to percolation with water as a function of liquid to solid ratio under specified percolation conditions. The method is a once-through column leaching test. (2) This up-flow percolation test is performed under specified test conditions for construction products and does not necessarily produce results that mimic specific intended use conditions. This test method produces eluates, which can subsequently be characterized by physical, chemical and ecotoxicological methods according to existing standard methods. The results of eluate analysis are presented as a function of the liquid/solid ratio. The test results enable the distinction between different leaching behaviour. NOTE 1 Volatile organic substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil. NOTE 2 It is not always possible to adjust test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances. Test conditions can also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test conditions for organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions are generally described in a way that they fit testing organic substances and are also applicable to inorganic substances depending on the set-up. NOTE 3 For ecotoxicity testing, eluates representing the release of both inorganic and organic substances are needed. In this document, ecotoxicological testing is meant to include also genotoxicological testing. NOTE 4 Construction products with a low hydraulic conductivity that can cause detrimental pressure build-up are not supposed to be subjected to this test. NOTE 5 This procedure is generally not applicable to products that are easily biologically degradable and products reacting with the leachant, leading, for example, to excessive gas emission or excessive heat release, impermeable hydraulically bound products or products that swell in contact with water. (3) In this document the same test conditions as for prEN 17516 (CEN/TC 444/WG 1) are applied in order to allow full comparability of testing construction products and waste derived construction products to avoid double testing. The prEN 17516 test results are eligible in the context of testing construction products as well. NOTE 6 If a leaching test according to prEN 17516 has been performed, additional prEN 16637 3 testing does not need to be carried out.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
9 1 Scope
2 Normative references
10 3 Terms and definitions
13 4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviations
14 5 Principle
5.1 General principles
5.2 Number of eluates
15 6 Reagents
16 7 Equipment
18 8 Sample preparation
8.1 General
8.2 Preparation of the test sample
8.2.1 Principles
8.2.2 Rules of application
19 8.3 Test portion
8.4 Drying
8.5 Subsampling
20 8.6 Sieving of samples into fractions
8.7 Size reduction of particles
9 Test procedure
9.1 Temperature
9.2 Determination of dry residue
9.3 Pre-treatment of the column
21 9.4 Packing of the column
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Equilibration
9.4.3 Calculation of the flow rate
9.5 Collection of eluates
24 9.6 Further preparation of the eluates for analysis
9.7 Blank test
10 Evaluation of measurement results
10.1 Expression of results in concentrations
10.2 Expression of results in terms of mass related release
25 11 Documentation and test report
27 12 Test performance
13 Indirect methods
13.1 Definition
13.2 Provisions
13.3 Examples of indirect methods
28 Annex A (informative)Examples of sample preparation procedures
General
A.2 Example 1
29 A.3 Example 2
A.3.1 Product grading
A.3.2 Example 2: Sieve diameter 22,4 mm chosen
30 A.3.3 Example 2: Sieve diameter 16 mm chosen
31 Annex B (informative)Illustration of the column and accompanying equipment
32 Annex C (informative)Procedures for packing and saturation of the column
C.1 General
C.2 Column filling and packing
C.3 Procedure for packing
33 C.4 Water saturation
C.4.1 General
C.4.2 Method 1: Saturating the column using the pump
C.4.3 Method 2: Saturating the column using initial hydrostatic pressure
35 Annex D (informative)Assessment of release mechanism(s)
D.1 Overview of release mechanisms
36 D.2 Overview of release mechanisms
D.2.1 Overall low concentrations
D.2.2 Effect of pH on release
37 D.2.3 (Apparent) pH-dependent release
D.2.3.1 Wash-out of a substance (depletion)
38 D.2.3.2 Solubility-controlled release
39 D.2.4 No pH-dependent release
D.2.4.1 Solubility-controlled release
D.2.4.2 Wash-out of a substance (depletion)
40 D.2.4.3 Apparent depletion
41 D.2.5 Unidentified release mechanism
D.3 Overview of release mechanisms
D.3.1 Release
D.3.2 Extrapolation and interpolation of the release to other L/S ratios
43 D.4 Examples
D.4.1 General
D.4.2 EXAMPLE 1 pH-dependent solubility-controlled release
46 D.4.3 EXAMPLE 2 Solubility-controlled release
49 D.4.4 EXAMPLE 3 Wash-out
52 D.4.5 EXAMPLE 4 Apparent depletion
55 Annex E (informative)Summary of cumulative results for L/S = 2 and L/S = 10
E.1 Performance data EN 166373 for L/S = 2 and L/S = 10
57 E.2 Inorganic substances
E.2.1 General
59 E.2.2 Crushed copper slag (CUS) ā€“ Cumulative release at L/S = 2 and L/S = 10 in mg/kg
61 E.2.3 Recycled concrete (CRC) ā€“ Cumulative release at L/S = 2 and L/S = 10 in mg/kg
63 E.2.4 Crushed masonry (CMA) ā€“ Cumulative release at L/S = 2 and L/S = 10 in mg/kg
65 E.3 Organic substances
E.3.1 Asphalt aggregate ā€“ Cumulative release at L/S = 2 and L/S = 10 in mg/kg
68 E.3.2 Recycled aggregate ā€“ Cumulative release at L/S = 2 and L/S = 10 in mg/kg

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BS EN 16637-3:2023
$215.11