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BS EN ISO 6416:2017:2018 Edition

BS EN ISO 6416:2017:2018 Edition

$198.66

Hydrometry. Measurement of discharge by the ultrasonic transit time (time of flight) method

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2018 66
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This document describes the establishment and operation of an ultrasonic (transit-time) gauging station for the continuous measurement of discharge in a river, an open channel or a closed conduit. It also describes the basic principles on which the method is based, the operation and performance of associated instrumentation and procedures for commissioning.

It is limited to the “transit time of ultrasonic pulses” technique, and is not applicable to systems that make use of the “Doppler shift” or “correlation” or “level-to-flow” techniques.

This document is not applicable to measurement in rivers with ice.

NOTE This document focuses on open channel flow measurement. IEC 60041 covers the use of the technique for full pipe flow measurement.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 European foreword
Endorsement notice
7 Foreword
8 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Applications
4.1 Types of applications
9 4.2 Attributes and limitations
5 Method of measurement
5.1 Discharge
10 5.2 Calculation of discharge from the transit-time measurement
6 Flow velocity determination by the ultrasonic (transit time) method
6.1 Principle
12 6.2 Sound propagation in water
6.2.1 General
13 6.2.2 Speed of sound in water
6.2.3 Propagation losses
15 6.2.4 Signal path bending
16 6.2.5 Reflection
17 7 Gauge configuration
7.1 General
7.2 Single-path systems
18 7.3 Multi-path systems
7.4 Crossed-path systems
20 7.5 Reflected-path systems
21 7.6 Systems using transponders
22 7.7 Wireless systems (if a cable crossing is not possible)
23 7.8 Systems using divided cross-sections
7.9 Sloping paths
24 8 Determination of discharge
8.1 Single-path systems
25 8.2 Multi-path systems
8.2.1 General
26 8.2.2 Mid-section method
27 8.2.3 Mean-section method
28 8.3 Systems with transducers in the channel
29 9 System verification and calibration
30 10 Site selection
11 Site survey — Before design and construction
11.1 General
11.2 Visual survey
31 11.3 Survey of the cross-section
11.4 Survey of velocity distribution
11.5 Survey of signal propagation
12 Operational measurement requirements
12.1 General
32 12.2 Basic components of flow determination
12.3 Water velocity determination
12.4 Determination of water stage or depth
33 12.5 Determination of mean bed level
34 12.6 Channel width
13 Gauging station equipment
13.1 General
35 13.2 Design and construction of equipment
13.2.1 Transducers
36 13.2.2 Transducer cables
13.3 Reflectors
39 13.4 Civil engineering works
13.5 Signal timing and processing
13.5.1 General
13.5.2 Signal-to-noise ratio
40 13.5.3 Signal maintenance (gain control)
13.5.4 Signal detection
41 13.5.5 Post-detection filtering
13.6 System self-checking
42 13.7 Site-specific data (or site parameters)
13.8 Clock and calendar
13.9 System performance criteria
13.9.1 General
43 13.9.2 Operating environment
13.9.3 Water environment
13.9.4 Mechanical environment
13.9.5 Extreme environmental conditions
13.9.6 Power source
13.9.7 Measurement uncertainty
44 13.10 System output
13.10.1 Local display
13.10.2 Local record
13.10.3 Remote record
13.10.4 Diagnostic information
13.11 Installation
45 13.12 Commissioning
13.13 Operating manual
46 13.14 Maintenance
47 14 Measurement uncertainties
14.1 General
14.2 Definition of uncertainty
48 14.3 Uncertainty in discharge
14.3.1 Uncertainty equation
49 14.3.2 Effective number of paths
14.3.3 Uncertainty in the line velocity, Ulv
14.3.4 Uncertainty in the channel width estimation, Uw
50 14.3.5 Examples of uncertainty estimation
51 14.3.6 Uncertainty estimate at low flow
52 14.3.7 Uncertainty estimate at high flow
54 Annex A (informative) Principle of measurement uncertainty
61 Annex B (informative) Performance guide for hydrometric equipment for use in technical standard examples
65 Bibliography

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BS EN ISO 6416:2017
$198.66