BS EN 14276-1:2020
$215.11
Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps – Vessels. General requirements
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2020 | 110 |
This document specifies the requirements for material, design, manufacturing, testing and documentation for stationary pressure vessels intended for use in refrigerating systems and heat pumps. These systems are referenced in this document as refrigerating systems as defined in EN 378?1:2016.
The term “refrigerating system” used in this document includes heat pumps.
This document applies to vessels, including welded or brazed attachments up to and including the nozzle flanges, screwed, welded or brazed connectors, or to the edge to be welded or brazed at the first circumferential joint connecting piping or other elements.
This document applies to pressure vessels with an internal pressure down to –1 bar, to account for the evacuation of the vessel prior to charging with refrigerant.
This document applies to both the mechanical loading conditions and thermal conditions as defined in EN 13445?3:2014 1 associated with refrigerating systems. It applies to pressure vessels subject to the maximum allowable temperatures for which nominal design stresses for materials are derived using EN 13445?2:2014 2 and EN 13445?3:20141 or as specified in this document. In addition, vessels designed to this document can have a maximum allowable temperature not exceeding 200 °C and a maximum design pressure not exceeding 160 bar. Outside of these limits, it is important that the EN 13445 series be used for the design, construction and inspection of the vessel. Under these circumstances, it is important that the unique nature of refrigerating plant, as indicated in the introduction to this document, also be taken into account.
It is important that pressure vessels used in refrigerating systems and heat pumps of category less than II as defined in Annex H comply with other relevant clauses of EN 378?2:2016 for vessels.
This document applies to pressure vessels where the main pressure bearing parts are manufactured from metallic ductile materials as defined in Clause 4 and Annex I of this document.
This document does not apply to vessels of the following types:
-
vessels of riveted construction;
-
multi-layered, autofrettaged or prestressed vessels;
-
vessels directly heated by a flame;
-
“roll bond” heat exchangers.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | undefined |
| 12 | 1 130BScope 2 131BNormative references |
| 16 | 3 132BTerms and definitions 3.1 138BTerms and definitions |
| 19 | 3.2 139BSymbols, descriptions and units |
| 22 | 4 133BMaterials 4.1 140BGeneral 4.2 141BRequirements for materials to be used for pressurized parts 4.3 142BRequirements for materials 4.3.1 183BGeneral |
| 23 | 4.3.2 184BCladding 4.3.3 185BSpecial considerations |
| 24 | 4.4 143BRequirements for prevention of brittle fracture 4.4.1 186BGeneral |
| 25 | 4.4.2 187BMaterial requirements 4.5 144BMaterial documentation 4.6 145BMaterials for non-pressure retaining parts 5 134BPressure vessel classification 5.1 146BCategory of vessel |
| 26 | 5.2 147BFluid classification |
| 27 | 6 135BDesign 6.1 148BGeneral 6.2 149BCorrosion and corrosion protection 6.2.1 188BGeneral 6.2.2 189BInternal corrosion 6.2.3 190BExternal corrosion 6.2.4 191BCorrosion allowance information |
| 28 | 6.3 150BStress corrosion cracking 6.4 151BLoading 6.5 152BMaximum allowable pressure PS 6.6 153BDesign pressure Pd |
| 29 | 6.7 154BCalculation pressure P or Pc 6.8 155BDesign temperature td 6.9 156BMinimum material temperature 6.10 157BCalculation temperature tc 6.10.1 192BGeneral 6.10.2 193BVessel without heater |
| 30 | 6.10.3 194BVessel with heater 6.11 158BJoint coefficient |
| 32 | 6.12 159BDesign stress |
| 34 | 6.13 160BAccess and inspection openings, venting and draining provisions, filling and discharge provisions and handling devices 6.13.1 195BNon corrosive fluids 6.13.2 196BCorrosive fluids 6.13.3 197BVenting and draining provisions 6.13.4 198BFilling and discharge provision 6.13.5 199BHandling devices |
| 35 | 6.14 161BMethods for design 6.14.1 200BGeneral 6.14.2 201BDesign by formulas (DBF) 6.14.2.1 225BGeneral 6.14.2.2 226BAdditional formula |
| 40 | 6.14.3 202BJoint design 6.14.3.1 227BGeneral 6.14.3.2 228BNon-permanent joints 6.14.3.3 229BAcceptable weld details |
| 42 | 7 136BManufacturing 7.1 162BGeneral 7.2 163BMaterial traceability 7.3 164BManufacturing tolerances 7.4 165BPermanent joints 7.4.1 203BGeneral 7.4.2 204BPermanent joint and operator qualification 7.4.3 205BPermanent joint operations and traceability 7.4.4 206BWelding 7.4.4.1 230BWelding procedure qualification |
| 43 | 7.4.4.2 231BWelder or welding operator qualification 7.4.4.3 232BPreparation of edges, execution and preheat 7.4.4.4 233BManufacture and testing of welded joints – production test 7.4.5 207BBrazing 7.4.5.1 234BBrazing processes |
| 44 | 7.4.5.2 235BBrazing limitations 7.4.5.3 236BBrazing details 7.4.5.4 237BBrazing procedure approval 7.4.5.5 238BBrazer approval |
| 45 | 7.4.5.6 239BManufacturing aspects 7.4.6 208BPermanent joints by deformation 7.4.6.1 240BExpansion 7.4.7 209BNon-permanent joints |
| 46 | 7.5 166BForming of pressure parts 7.5.1 210BGeneral 7.5.2 211BDeep drawing |
| 47 | 7.6 167BPost weld heat treatment 7.7 168BInternal cleanness 7.8 169BRepairs/Reworks 7.9 170BFinishing operations 8 137BTesting and inspection 8.1 171BPerformance of inspection and testing |
| 48 | 8.2 172BDesign documentation, review and approval 8.2.1 212BGeneral 8.2.2 213BDesign documentation |
| 49 | 8.2.3 214BDesign examination and design approval |
| 50 | 8.2.4 215BDesign documentation change 8.3 173BType examination 8.4 174BCalibration 8.5 175BMaterial |
| 51 | 8.6 176BManufacturing 8.7 177BNon-destructive and destructive testing of welded joints |
| 52 | 8.8 178BBrazed joints 8.9 179BSubcontracted elements 8.10 180BFinal inspection 8.10.1 216BGeneral 8.10.2 217BVisual examination |
| 53 | 8.10.3 218BExamination of documentation 8.10.4 219BPressure test 8.10.5 220BLeak test |
| 54 | 8.11 181BMarking 8.12 182BDocumentation 8.12.1 221BGeneral 8.12.2 222BManufacturer’s instruction |
| 55 | 8.12.3 223BTechnical documentation for user 8.12.4 224BRecords |
| 57 | Annex A 118B(normative)Alternative requirements for prevention of brittle fracture: Method according to temperature stress cases A.1 0BGeneral |
| 59 | A.2 1BTemperature stress cases A.3 2BDetermination of lowest application temperatures for stress cases min t0 75, min t0 50 and min t0 25 |
| 60 | A.4 3BWelding conditions A.4.1 28BWelded connections |
| 61 | A.4.2 29BHeat treatment after welding A.5 4BProof of notch impact energy |
| 62 | Annex B 119B(normative)Specification and approval of brazing procedures B.1 5BIntroduction B.2 6BGeneral B.2.1 30BResponsibility B.2.2 31BSpecification of brazing procedures |
| 63 | B.2.3 32BTechnical content of BPS |
| 68 | B.3 7BTest piece B.4 8BExamination and testing B.4.1 33BGeneral |
| 69 | B.4.2 34BVisual examination B.4.3 35BTensile test B.4.4 36BBend test |
| 70 | B.4.5 37BPeel test B.4.6 38BMetallographic examination B.5 9BRange of approval B.5.1 39BGeneral B.5.2 40BRelated to the manufacturer B.5.3 41BRelated to the material B.5.3.1 85BParent metal |
| 71 | B.5.3.2 86BThickness B.5.4 42BRange of approval B.5.4.1 87BGeneral |
| 72 | B.5.4.2 88BAngle of branch connection B.5.4.3 89BBrazing process B.5.4.4 90BFlow position B.5.4.5 91BJoint design B.5.4.6 92BFiller material |
| 73 | B.5.4.7 93BBrazing temperature B.5.4.8 94BBrazing flux B.5.4.9 95BFuel gas, atmosphere, nature of flame or type of energy B.5.4.10 96BPost braze heat treatment B.6 10BBrazing Procedure Approval Record (BPAR) |
| 74 | Annex C 120B(normative)Pressure testing C.1 11BPressure test C.1.1 43BGeneral C.1.2 44BBasic requirements C.1.2.1 97BPressure vessels C.1.2.2 98BAccessories C.1.2.3 99BSafety C.1.2.4 100BHydraulic test |
| 75 | C.1.2.5 101BPneumatic test C.1.3 45BPressure test C.1.3.1 102BValue of test pressure C.1.3.2 103BSpecific value of test pressure for compressor housing C.1.3.3 104BTemperature requirement |
| 76 | C.1.3.4 105BTest procedure C.1.3.5 106BPass fail criteria C.1.3.6 107BRequirements for pressure gauges C.1.4 46BFinal test report |
| 77 | C.2 12BAcoustic emission examination |
| 78 | Annex D 121B(normative)Relations between the different pressures |
| 79 | Annex E 122B(normative)Experimental design methods E.1 13BIntroduction E.1.1 47BGeneral E.1.2 48BMethods |
| 80 | E.1.3 49BDocumentation E.1.4 50BDuplicate or similar parts E.1.4.1 108BGeneral E.1.4.2 109BDuplicate parts E.1.4.3 110BGeometrically similar part E.1.5 51BExamination of the components or the vessel E.1.6 52BApplication of pressure |
| 81 | E.1.7 53BMaterial properties E.2 14BStrain gauge test method E.2.1 54BGeneral E.2.2 55BProcedure |
| 82 | E.3 15BBurst test E.3.1 56BGeneral E.3.2 57BProcedure E.3.3 58BBurst pressure E.4 16BHousings of hermetic compressors of testing group 2b and vessels of testing group 2b E.4.1 59BGeneral |
| 84 | E.4.2 60BBurst test method for housings of vessels E.4.3 61BBurst test method for housings of compressor |
| 85 | E.4.4 62BCombined burst test / fatigue test method for housings of compressor E.4.4.1 111BGeneral and burst tests |
| 86 | E.4.4.2 112BAdditional fatigue test |
| 88 | Annex F 123B(normative)Material characteristics for design |
| 92 | Annex G 124B(informative)Component classification in the sense of the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) |
| 94 | Annex H 125B(informative)Selection of category H.1 17BGeneral H.2 18BDefinition of category for vessels for refrigerating pressure vessel |
| 95 | Annex I 126B(normative)Grouping system for materials (extracted from CEN ISO/TR 15608) I.1 19BGrouping system for steels I.2 20BGrouping system for aluminium and aluminium alloys |
| 96 | I.3 21BGrouping system for copper and copper alloys |
| 97 | Annex J 127B(informative)DN System |
| 99 | Annex K 128B(normative)Specification and approval of expansion procedures and operators K.1 22BGeneral K.1.1 63BGeneral rules K.1.2 64BResponsibility K.1.3 65BSpecification of expansion procedures K.1.4 66BTechnical content of EPS |
| 101 | K.2 23BTest piece K.3 24BExamination and testing K.3.1 67BGeneral K.3.2 68BVisual examination K.3.3 69BDimensional verification |
| 102 | K.3.4 70BTests K.4 25BRange of approval K.4.1 71BGeneral K.4.2 72BRelated to the manufacturer K.4.3 73BRelated to the material K.4.4 74BTube dimensions K.4.5 75BExpansion factor K.4.6 76BExpansion process K.4.7 77BJoint design K.4.8 78BTool |
| 103 | K.5 26BExpansion Procedure Approval Record (EPAR) K.6 27BExpansion operator approval K.6.1 79BGeneral K.6.2 80BValidity range of expansion operator qualification K.6.3 81BQualification tests K.6.3.1 113BGeneral K.6.3.2 114BTest piece K.6.3.3 115BAssessment of the test piece K.6.4 82BExamination and testing |
| 104 | K.6.5 83BPeriod of validity K.6.5.1 116BInitial approval K.6.5.2 117BProlongation K.6.6 84BCertification |
| 105 | Annex ZA 129B(informative)Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU (Pressure equipment Directive) aimed to be covered |
