IEEE C57.12.91-1979

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IEEE Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	1979	49

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Description

New IEEE Standard – Superseded. Methods for performing tests specified in IEEE Std C57.12.01-1989 and other referenced standards applicable to dry-type distribution and power transformers are described. This standard is intended for use as a basis for performance, safety, and the proper testing of dry-type distribution and power transformers. This standard applies to all dry-type transformers except instrument transformers, step-voltage and induction voltage regulators, arc furnace transformers, rectifier transformers, specialty transformers, and mine transformers.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
8	1 Scope 2 Terminology 3 References
9	4 General 4.1 Test Definitions 4.2 Test Requirements 4.3 Purpose 4.4 Testsequence 4.5 Instrumentation 5 Resistance Measurements 5.1 Importance of Measurements 5.2 Determination of Cold Temperature 5.3 Conversion of Resistance Measurements
10	5.4 Resistance Measurement Methods Connections for the Voltmeter-Ammeter Method of Resistance Measurement
11	6 Polarity and Phase-Relation Tests 6.1 General 6.2 Polarity Tests – Single-phase Transformers Polarity by Inductive Kick Test
12	6.3 Polarity and Phase-Relation Tests – Polyphase Transformers Polarity by Alternating-Voltage Test
13	Three-phase Transformer Connections
14	7 RatioTests 7.1 General Six-Phase Transformer Connections
15	7.2 Tolerances for Ratio 7.3 Ratio Test Methods Two Secondary Voltages Voltmeters Arranged to Read the Two Secondary Voltages
16	8 No-Load Losses and Excitation Current 8.1 No-Load Losses – General 8.2 Test Methods for Single-phase Transformers Basic Circuit of Ratio Bridge
17	Connections for the No-Load-Loss Test of a Single-phase Transformer
19	8.3 Test Methods for Three-phase Transformers Two-Wattmeter Method Three-Wattmeter Method with Transformer Neutral Available Three-Wattmeter Method Using Artificial Wattmeter Neutral N
20	8.4 Excitation Current (No-Load Current) Form-Factor Plot to Reduce Excitation Current to Sine-Wave Basis
21	9 Impedance and Load Losses 9.1 General 9.2 Impedance and Load-Loss Test Procedures
22	Impedance-Voltage Tests Autotransformer
23	Impedance-Voltage Tests Using Three-Wattmeter Method Impedance-Voltage Tests Using Two-Wattmeter Method
25	9.3 Interlacing Impedance Voltage of a Scott-Connected Transformer Calculation of Impedance Voltage and Load Loss from Test Data 9.5 Impedance Bridges
26	General Impedance Bridge Network Potentiometer-Type Network Using a Phase Shifter
27	10 Dielectric Tests 10.1 Factory Dielectric Tests Potentiometer-Type Network Using a Mutual Inductor
28	10.2 Dielectric Tests in the Field 10.3 Applied-Voltage Tests
29	10.4 Induced-Voltage Tests 10.5 ImpulseTests
31	10.6 Impulse Tests on Transformer Neutrals 10.7 Detection of Failure during Impulse Test
32	10.8 Insulation-Power-Factor Tests 10.9 Insulation-Resistance Tests Measurements to be Made in Insulation Power Factor Tests
33	11 Temperature Tests 11.1 General 11.2 Temperature Test Methods
34	11.3 Requirements for Temperature-Rise Tests
35	Average Winding Temperature Rise by the Hot-Resistance Method
36	11.5 Correction Factors 11.6 Temperature-Rise Test Procedures Empirical Factor for Various Types of Cooling
37	Two Single-phase Transformers in Opposition Two Y-A Connected Transformers
38	A-A Connection for Three Single-phase Units or One Three Phase Unit
39	12 Short-circuit Tests 12.1 Scope
40	12.2 Test Connections 12.3 Test Requirements
41	12.4 TestProcedure
42	12.5 Proof of Satisfactorv Performance
43	13 Audible Sound-Level Measurements 13.1 General 13.2 Instrumentation 13.3 Test Conditions
44	13.4 Microphone Positions 13.5 Sound-Level Measurements 13.6 Optional Frequency Analysis Measurements
45	14 Mechanical Tes ts 14.1 General 14.2 Components Involved in Lifting or Moving 14.3 Tests of Sealed Dry-Type Transformers 15 Calculated Data 15.1 Reference Temperatures for Average Winding Rises 15.2 TotalLosses
46	15.3 Efficiency 15.4 Voltage Regulation of a Constant-Voltage Transformer Regulation and Efficiency
48	Minimum Information to be Included in Certified Test Data